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(ModeL) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. WILLIAMS. MACHINE FOR QUARRYING AND DRESSING STONE.

Patented Sept 20, 188 1 N. PETERS PnalwLnhogmphon Waminglon. n11

(Model.) I 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. WILLIAMS. MACHINE FOR QUARRYING AND DREssINe STONE.

No. 247,233. Patented Sept. 20,1881.

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J. WILLIAMS. MACHINE FOR QUARRYING AND DRESSING STONE. N0. 247,233. Patented Sept. 20,1881.

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J. WILLIAMS. MAGHINE FOR QUARRYING AND DRESSING STONE. No. 247,233. Patented Sept. 20,1881.

mlnmrw N. PETERS. Phow-Lxtlwguphen Washingmn, D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH WILLIAMS, OF COMMERCIAL ROAD, LIVERPOOL, COUNTY OF LANCASTER, ENGLAND.

MACHINE FOR QUARRYING AND DRESSING STONE.

SPEGIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 247,233, dated September 20, 1881.

Application filed May 24, 1881. (ModeL) Patented in England September 22, 1880.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, J OSEPH WILLIAMs, of Commercial Road, Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, in the Kingdom of England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Quarrying and Dressing Stone, (for which I have received Letters Patent in England, No. 3,834, dated September 22, 1880;) and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of V the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

This invention is applicable for cutting stone in open quarries and railway and other outtings, and for cutting and dressing stone on the quarry-bank and in masons and builders yards, and a portion of the invention may be I attached to the ordinary reciprocating saws now in common use-namely, the actual cut ting-tool.

Figure l is a plan of saw-carriage on the gauntree or frame with the saws in position for cutting. Fig. 2 is a side elevation; Fig.3, end elevation; Fig. 4, sectional end elevation on line a: y of Fig. 1; Figs. 5 and 6, plan and elevation of saw, showing the position of the disks.

The gauntree-beams A may be of any length to suit the width of the quarry or cutting, but in the drawings they are shown of the length of the saw-carriage only in order to economize space. The gauntree-beams A are framed at the ends and trussed by bars or by vertical plates at the sides of or between the beams bolted thereto, as indicated. The carriages slide on the rails B, fixed 011 the upper and under sides of the beams on wrought-iron plates, which serve to strengthen the beams transversely; At each end the beams are mounted on suitable brackets, 61-, fitted with wheels P, running upon the temporary rails a, and of sufficient length to allow the saw to be drawn out of the rock. The carriages slide along the rails B on slide-blocks b.

In the cast-iron framing C, which strengthens the lower frame of each of the four sides of which the horizontal shaft 0 passes. The

vertical guides d carry sliding frames D and steps or brasses at d for the horizontal shaft 0.

The vertical screws E, for forcing the vertical saws into or out of the rock, are driven by bevel wheels F, and are connected by the shaft F to each other. These may receive motion from a bevel-wheel in connection with F or from a train of gear-wheels in connection with friction-wheel R.

The brackets g carry the vertical shaft G, and the bevel-Wheels H transmit the power from this to the horizontal shaft 0, the shafts being arranged to pass each other by specially arranged bevel-wheels.

The bars I support the vertical shafts when the horizontal saw 8 is in use, and are fixed to the blocks i by suitable set-screws.

The endless rope K transmits the power from the engine or other motor by means of the grooved wheels 70, guide-pulleys 7c, and friction-wheels L.

The pulleys M drive the worm-shaft m. The

worm m, acting on the wheel n, drives the shaft a, which has two other worms gearing into the wheels N on shafts 0, the latter shafts carrying chain-wheels O.

The endless chains 0' pass along each side of the gauntrce-beams A and gear into the wheels 0 on shaft 0, giving motion to worm P and wheels P in brackets a, thus moving the gauntrees in the direction of the rails a, while the carriages are drawn along the gauntree, when they are attached to the chains by pins.

The lovers I carry the wheels L, by the alternate use of which I obtain reversing-gear on the four sides of the carriage.

The bearer r carries the shaft F and wheel It. The circular plate S forms the body of the saw. On the edge of each are cutters s, which cut the stone at each side, and central cutters, s, which cut out the core, the pieces of steel u taking out the grit or sand left by the cutters. In constructing a machine according to my invention I stretch a gauntree or traveling beams across or along the quarry of such length as the nature of the stone or locality will admit, framed together at the ends and trussed at the sides in any well-known manner, the widthbetween the beams being a little more than the diameter of the saw, the scantlings of same being suitable to the length required, and the whole arranged to travel along the face of the quarry on the surface of the rock, while upon the gauntree I place one or two carriages, carrying the saws or cutters S for quarrying or dressing the stone, so designed that they can he moved lengthwise on the gauntree.

The said gauntree-framing may be of iron or wood, or of iron and wood firmly put together to withstand the strain when the saws are at work. The saw-carriages may also be made of iron or wood; but when of wood I stiffen them by iron plates and brackets O at the lower part, which are also used for passing saw-shafts 0 through. I thus can move the horizontal shafts O and place the vertical saws S to the outside on either of the four sides of the carriages, to cut the sides of the quarry perpendicularly. The saws are also arranged so as to cut horizontally and lengthwise or across the quarry, as may be required, by which means I procure stones out of the solid rock in suitable sizes for building and other purposes, making at the same time true and smooth surfaces.

I attach iron or steel rails B, of V or other suitable section, over and under the gauntreebeams, upon which the saw-carriages slide on guide-blocks from end to end of the gauntree A, thus securing a true and straight direction for the carriages. The gauntree-beams A are mounted at the ends on iron brackets,in which wheels are fitted for traveling upon the term porary rails 11/ along the quarry-face on the surface of the rock, and the gauntree is fixed at such a height as to allow the vertical saws S to be drawn out of the rock.

I put vertical slides d on the inside of the carriages, which are interchangeable and usable on any side of the carriages, so that the vertical saw may be worked at the sides or ends of the carriages, as may be required. These slides are fitted with suitable brasses or steps, d, carrying the horizontal shaft 0, and the frame of the same is actuated by screwed gearing E, by means of which the saw S is forced toward or drawn out of the stone. The top and bottom of one pair of slides carry blocks and brasses for the vertical shaft G, on the lower end of which I fix the horizontal saw 8. The vertical shaft Gr drives the horizontal shaft 0 by specially-designed bevel-gearing, so arranged that one shaft passes the other, and both shafts have long key-beds, to allow of the saws being put at various distances from the bevel-gearing.

At the outside of the carriages I fix guideblocks z, from which stay-bars I lead to the lower end of vertical shaft G, close to the horizontal saw 8. These bars are arranged to slide up and down in the blocks, as may be required, having set-pins for fixing them. In the same block I fix, when required, supporting-bars for horizontal shaft close to the vertical saw when working outside the carriage.

It is obvious that the internal arrangements of the carriages may be altered to suit other means of driving, which may be necessary for cutting different kinds of stone.

The saws are circular in their action, but they are not of the kind usually understood as such. The body of the saw is made of iron or steel plate, (see Figs. 5 and 6,) and has a number of disks or cutters in suitable fixings upon its perimeter. When the saw revolves the teeth of the disks or cutters do not act on the stone by abrasion, but they are pressed against or into the stone, and an indentation is made at each side of the saw, leaving a core between them, which core I remove by a central set of disks or cutters, s, of sufficient thickness, scraping out the sand by pieces of steel or other suitable metal, a, fixed in the edge of the large plate.

The disks or cutters s and s have teeth out in them, and are slightly hollowed on their outside faces to keep the teeth against the sides of the out. They are of steel or other suitable metal, fixed in metal holders or bearings in any well-known way to the edge of the large plate, so as to be capable of revolving as the saw is pressed to its work, but in the opposite direction thereto. Ordinary horizontal reciprocating saws commonly used in stone-yards may be fitted with these disks or cutters, and the number, size, and position of the cutters may vary to suit the stone to be acted upon. So in like manner the number, size, and position of the cutters may be varied in the large circular saws.

The machinery may be driven by an engine on the gauntree or carriage or on the bank of the quarry or cutting, connected thereto by endless-rope gearing, shaftin g and gearing, or in any convenient way; but I prefer to use endless ropes and an engine clear of the gauntree or carriage where an engine is already on the quarry-bank;

When using endless ropes I pass them from the driving-pulley'ot' engine along the quarry and into the grooves of pulleys at the angles of quarry, gauntree-beams, and saw-carriages, going up and down the gauntreebeams and back to the engine with an arrangementof variable gearing for taking up the slack rope and compensating for any expansion or contraction through the weather.

I place a small friction-pulley, k,with groove underneath toward each corner of the sawcarriage, and by means of guide-pulleys k the endless ropes K are made to drive the frictionpulleys k in contrary directions, thus obtainin g reverse gearing at the four sides of the carriage.

At the upper end of the vertical shaft Q, which carries the horizontal saw 8, I place a large friction-wheel, It, and when one of the small friction-pulleys is put in contact there with the sawing machinery is driven. When two ropes are required I place a second large friction-wheel between the first and two of the small friction-pulleys, and thus transmit the power of the second rope to the driving-wheel on vertical shaft, the two large friction-wheels always being in contact with each other.

For propelling the gauntree A, and also drawing the saw-carriages along the gauntree, grooved pulleys are fixed at the corners of the gauntree, and-these, by means of worm-gearing m, m, and n, and endless ropes and chains 0, reduce the speed to what is required for this purpose.

After cutting the sides of the quarry to a sufficient distance, the machine may be caused to run parallel with the beds of the rock; and to keep the cost of working at a minimum I make the gauntree to cover a large surface of rock Without refixing.

I claim as my invention- 1. In machinery for quarrying stone, the combination of a gauntree or pair of travelin g beams, A, stretching across the breadth, or a portion of the breadth, of the quarry, armed with rails B, upon which the carriage carrying the cutting apparatus travels, the Wheels P, and temporary rails to, by which means the sawing-disks can be brought over any portion of the space between the rails a.

2. In machinery for quarrying or dressing stone, the combination of the'vertical guides d, carrying sliding frames D and steps or brasses d for the horizontal shaft O,with machinery for raising and lowering, so that the position of the vertical saws or cutters can be regulated as regards depth, substantially as described.

3. In machinery for quarrying or dressing stone, the combination of the frame D, sliding in vertical guides, the horizontal shaft 0, worked by bevel-gearing free to slide up or down on a feather or its equivalent on the vertical shaft, and vertical screw-gear E, for raising and lowering, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the vertical guidebars I, with hearing for shaft G at bottom and brackets or slide-bearings t, armed with setscrews or other fastening, so that the height of the bottom bearing, and consequently of the saw, can be regulated by hand.

5. The combination, in machinery for quarrying or dressing stone, of the worm-gearing m n N,worked from the pulley M, or other motion connected with and working synchronously with the saw, and the chain 0, attached to the carriage, by which means the carriage and saws are propelled forward synchronously with and proportionately to their rotation.

6. The combination consisting of the disks S and the cutter-wheels s s 8, arranged to rotate between them and on each side of them, substantially as described.

7. In combination with the cutters S, the clearing blocks or wipers u, for the purposes described.

8. The method of driving a quarrying-machine consisting in bringing an endless rope from an engine or other motor outside the quarry round a series of wheels or pulleys on the top of the machine,which, by friction pulleys or clutches, can be thrown into gear with the machine.

9. The combination of the main motion-receiving wheels It R, the friction-wheels carrying driving-rope pulleys attached, and the levers Z, for throwing them into and out of gear, being two or more in number, so that when one friction-wheel is in gear it drives the adjacent wheel B one way, and when the other friction wheel is in gear the said adjacent wheel R is driven the other way, whileif more than two friction-wheels be used, the machine can be reversed at several different points.

10. The combination of the vertical removable slides 01 and the square carriages, said slides fittingthe sides or ends of the carriage indifl'erently, so as to enable the position of the said slides and contained shafts to be changed ninety degrees, and thus enable the vertical saw placed at the end of the shaft 0 to cut the sides of the quarry perpendicularly on either side of the carriage.

11. The combination of the double cuttingwheels and the interposed wheel acting as clearer, substantially as described.

JOSEPH WILLIAMS.

Witnesses:

I. OWDEN OBRIEN, JOSEPH I. RoYnEN. 

